Distinction among males and females. Participants described their parent’s marital status as 62 married, 7 single, 19 divorced, and 12 separated. When living at property, 78 of participants reported living with their mothers, 68 living with fathers, 13 living with grandparent(s), and 11 living with one more relative. A total of 72 self-identified as members from the Yup’ik Alaska Native cultural linguistic group, followed by Inupiat (21 ), Athabaskan (11 ), Aleut/Alutiq (6 ), and Tlingit/Haida (4 ). Some men and women identified with two or more ethnic categories. Measures Item pool Adult Self-Mastery: Pearlin et al. (1981) originally developed the Mastery scale as an adult measure of individual sense of manage in overcoming life issues. The scale consists of seven things rated on a four-point Likert-type scale, assessing the extent to which individuals perceive themselves as having handle over the circumstances that influence their lives. Representative products contain “I can do just about something I definitely set my mind to,” and “What occurs to me within the future mostly is dependent upon me.” Internal consistency reported by Hobfoll, Jackson, et al. (2002) was = .72. Adult Communal Mastery: The Communal Mastery scale (Jackson, McKenzie, Hobfoll, 2000) is a 10-item measure itself originally adapted in the Mastery Scale (Pearlin et al., 1981) and the Self-Efficacy Scale (Schwarzer, 1993) to measure coping techniques from a much more collectivist orientation. Representative products involve “Working with each other with loved ones and pals I can resolve quite a few issues I’ve,” and “What happens to me inside the future will depend on my ability to function effectively with others,” to which men and women respond on a fourpoint Likert scale. Internal consistency for this scale was = .74 (Hobfoll, Jackson, et al., 2002). We adapted these mastery measures for youth. Validity measures Youth Community Assistance: The Youth Community Help scale is usually a three-item subscale adapted in the People’s Awakening Yup’ik Protective Factors scale for adults (Allen et al., 2006). The Youth Community Support scale taps youth perceptions regarding the presence and extent of help as a protective things out there to young persons in the community generally, outdoors of family and friendship. Representative products contain “People PubMed ID:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2105157 help me” and “People are out there to me for assistance.”SGC707 chemical information NIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author ManuscriptPsychol Assess. Author manuscript; readily available in PMC 2013 June 01.Fok et al.PageReligious Involvement: Youth’s level of involvement with formal religion was assessed by means of two products. On one item the youth rated the value of church in their life as not at all, somewhat, or seriously important, and on a second item, youth rated church attendance by means of among five radio buttons, as significantly less than when a year, 1? instances a year, 1? occasions a month, 3? instances a month, or at least as soon as per week. Alaska Native Cultural Identification: The Alaska Native Cultural Identification scale is an eight-item scale adapted in the item set from the Orthogonal Cultural Identification scale (Oetting Beauvais, 1990?991), a strategy of assessment of bicultural identities among ethnic minority youth. The Alaska Native Cultural Identification scale utilizes two item stems, worded applying descriptors our concentrate group work located locally understandable: “How a lot you reside by or follow the [Native/White American] way of life?” and “How a lot do you speak [Native language/English]?” Because.
