populations before ART initiation is available in Germany. Therefore the ClinSurv- HIV Drug ONX-0914 site resistance Study attempted to link HIV viral sequence data with epidemiological and treatment data to describe daily clinical resistance testing practices and the proportion of HIV drug resistance for both ART naive patients as well as for treatment experienced patients in a subset of a large cohort study of people infected with HIV in Germany. indication, no test was performed or the reasons for resistance testing, e.g. in view of future treatment options after interruption or due to an actual treatment failure. Evidence exists that in the participating centers more HIV drug resistance tests were performed than we observed by recording the data. It might be that resistance tests were carried out in other laboratories that we have not reached. However, this report is the first description of HIV drug resistance for both ART naive and treatment experienced persons infected with HIV in Germany. With all constraints, it is nevertheless one of the most comprehensive reports currently available and gives insight into clinical resistance testing practices and prevalence of HIV drug resistance of people infected with HIV in Germany. By PubMed ID:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19661824 2020, coronary artery disease will be a major healthcare burden throughout the world. Endothelial dysfunction is a key element in the development of CAD. Endothelial microparticles are reportedly a new biomarker for assessing endothelial function in various diseases. Indeed, numerous studies report that levels of endothelial microparticles are higher in patients with cardiovascular diseases than in healthy control subjects. Endothelial microparticles are derived from endothelial cells in response to injury, activation, and apoptosis. Endothelial microparticles are around 0.11 mm in diameter. However, most studies have focused on those of 0.51 mm in diameter because conventional flow cytometry cannot provide sufficient resolution to analyze microparticles smaller than 0.5 mm . Many such small-size microparticles have been detected by atomic force microscopy. Despite this, data concerning the detection of small-size microparticles are lacking. Therefore, it 
is important to study small-size microparticles in various diseases to identify new biomarkers and to develop new therapeutic approaches. It might be possible to evaluate small-size microparticles by flow cytometry by changing the signal intensity threshold. The objective of this study was to identify new biomarkers to assess endothelial dysfunction in CAD. Methods Study subjects In total, 19 CAD patients and 14 healthy subjects were recruited. CAD was defined as $50% luminal diameter stenosis of a major coronary artery, including the left main coronary artery, left anterior descending artery, left circumflex artery, and right coronary artery by coronary arteriography. Patients with a history of chronic renal failure requiring dialysis, hepatic or hematologic disorders, or inflammation, autoimmune, or malignant diseases were excluded. Healthy subjects were included if they had no known history of medical illness, normal blood pressure, and appeared healthy in a physical examination. The protocol regarding this study was approved by the Ethics committee at institute of Microcirculation Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and verbal informed consent was received from each study subject before entering the study.We got verbal informed cons
